Author Topic: G.WMS: PAST SEA LEVELS  (Read 658 times)

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Re: PAST SEA LEVELS
« on: September 14, 2021, 09:56:29 am »
TWO FLOODS

Confusion Breeds on Assumptions [Journals] [SIS Review]
_From: SIS C & C Review 2004:1 Incorporating Workshop 2004:2 (May 2004) Home | Issue Contents Confusion Breeds on Assumptions G. P. Williams
_The author proposes that there were two distinct major catastrophes – the Deluge, which ended the Paradisical Age, and the Flood, which ended the Golden Age and ushered in the Modern Age. He uses geological and mythical evidence to show that the first catastrophe was due to the destruction of a world mountain and the second was due to an axial tilt.
_My investigation into ancient records and mythology was prompted by my interest in the land-forms of the world and from the geomorphological information conveyed in their shapes. While the erosion and decay of the land-forms within a continent are the objects of geomorphology, continental land-forms in their entirety are the traditional field of the geologist. After attending university and taking papers to the third stage in geomorphology, I could not understand why the principles of geomorphology could not be applied to continental forms. To this end I accepted the record of the ancients as noted by Burnet [1 ]. The poles of the World did once change their situation, and were at first in another posture from what they are in now, till the inclination happen'd; This the ancient Philosophers often make mention of, as Anagoras, Empedocles, Orogenes, Leucippus, Democritus; as may be seen in Laertius, and in Plutarch; and the Stars, they say, at first were carried about the Earth in a more uniform manner, poles had once stood in another posture. A shift of the poles would have serious repercussions on the crust, due to the changes required in rotational velocity when moved to different latitudes. Such an event was recorded globally in myth and ancient records which told of such things as aberration in the Sun's movement, the disappearance of Atlantis, the twelve tasks of Hercules and the original Flood mythology. In fact, there is so much in the records that comparative mythologists are thoroughly confused. To discover the cause of this confusion I looked at the foundation of geological theory and in an article by George Grinell [2 ] found that it rests with Lyell, the leading geologist of the early 19th century. By his brief foray into the political arena in support of his friend Scrope, in promoting the aims of the Liberals against the ruling Conservatives, Lyell used his position as President with the London Geology Society to further Hutton's Gradualism, later to become known as Uniformitarianism, which relegated catastrophism to the background. Many articles were re-written without their catastrophic content, while others were widely ridiculed. The outcome was that stories in mythology that were worthy of investigation were denied completely because they were totally irrelevant to the accepted geological timescale. This tacit ban is still being applied, mainly by peer review reluctant to accept anything new except from a credible source – irrespective of whether it is right or wrong. Being aware of this ban on mythological and biblical evidence and having had the benefit of the work in preparing Our Tilted Earth (C&CW 1994:1, pp. 9-15), I retraced the movement of continental land-forms through their morphology, such as the island arcs of the south-west Pacific Ocean area I was familiar with from my previous work. As such forms are the result of movement down-slope, being found in the toe of a slip, or slump, I located an ancient mountain that gave rise to them and which I identified as a crustal bulge formed when Earth was under the influence of the gravity of Saturn. This was the source of the potential energy, which, when released and modified by seismic waves and the Coriolis Effect on a continental mass, was responsible for all initial continental movement. In possession of information denied by Lyell to subsequent geologists until much later, I was able to predict the probable path of the energy on its release and locate areas which confirm the predicted movement in the land-forms created. By using this methodology I could account for unexplained land-forms and find explanations for geologic and geomorphic formations that geologists could explain only by speculative theories. There is no large island or continental land–form and no sea that cannot be accounted for. Instead, as the energy path is followed through, more and more information resulting from concurrent action is revealed. Unfortunately, in following the mytho-historical record and accepting it as correct, it was not possible to make a clear distinction between past Ages because no clear line had been drawn between the Deluge and the Flood. The Book of Moses is accepted as the infallible scriptural record and Moses is regarded as living in the era of the Flood. However, in Genesis, Ch. 1, verse 14, Moses relates of the time when there were seasons before the advent of night and day – even though it was the two greater lights (Sun and Moon) that brought night and day to era 3,500 years before the Flood. Therefore, both the event of the Deluge and the event of the Flood appear to have been merged in the telling, but I consider that each of these events marked the end of one era and the beginning of the next, with the upheaval accompanying each transition providing material for a spate of sedimentary deposition – in river valleys to begin with and later in delta regions. There was also aggradation in inlets and bays as the transported material reached the sea and moved along the coast. When given their correct dating according to the historical record, on the global scale these indicated two separate dates. The best example of this is in the Tigris-Euphrates Valley which has been dated in two stages: a) c. 7,000 years ago – the area towards the confluence of the two rivers, b) 3-4,000 years ago – the area further from there through the swamplands, which are in an eutrophic state, to the coast. The absence of lateral coastal currents in the gulf has enabled the sedimentation process to proceed without the usual coastal erosion that affects most other deltas. As in the case of most earthquakes, there may be one or more small preliminary tremors followed by several after-shocks, as the the disturbed mass settles and returns to equilibrium with its environment. A preliminary quake may loosen the first material deposited, with the bulk coming from the damage caused by the main quake. While after-shocks continue, material will be loosened for transport, with the average volume of the bed-load of the rivers and streams decreasing as the material becomes depleted. A shift of the Earth's axis would have provided the material for the second phase. While the actual trigger of the event was quick, the process in its complete form would have extended over a considerable period. The story of these two events is told in its cryptic form in the mythological and historical records, but they await suitable translation. Most geologists have opposed and disregarded these accounts and substituted their own, based on a false chronological timescale relating to a period long before the date indicated by the scriptural record for the Creation. The Creation (when Earth, as a satellite of Saturn, was accumulating its smooth form) is told in the ancient literature as follows: They say the first Earth was much greater than the present, higher and more advanc'd into the Air: That it was smooth and regular in its surface, without Mountains or Valleys, but hollow within,[3 ] and was spontaneously fruitful, without ploughing or sowing [4 ]. The only true record of a timescale is the Earth itself. The formation of the Earth as a celestial body was a physical creation long before time could be measured. Although the biblical record tells of events before Creation, the biblical Creation and first catastrophe, or Deluge, which ended the Paradisical Age, begins with the break-up of the smooth form into the broken state it is today. This occurred when Saturn was banished to the netherworld, according to one of several versions, and Earth's crustal bulge, or mountain, consequently collapsed. The reflected light from Saturn was replaced by the weaker reflection of the Moon as Earth changed from being a satellite of Saturn to being a planet in its own right., in its own orbit about the Sun. With the Moon, born of Earth, as its new satellite and rotating on the Plane of the Ecliptic, Earth experienced a regular night and day for the first time and a continuous spring climate, known as the Golden Age, was enjoyed by most people in the Northern hemisphere. This Golden Age lasted until the tilting of the Earth about 3,500 years later with records until the advent of the Flood being handed down orally and only much later being written down. Some of these remain undeciphered and of those that have been deciphered it is highly likely some were influenced by prevailing contemporary conditions rather than by long past conditions described in the oral histories. But if Homer's epics were recited and sung, what was their purpose? Clearly, they were more than after-dinner entertainment. They were works of genius, designed to tell listeners where their roots lay and what made them what they were. To do so they included vast amounts of information, so much that Eric Havelock called them tribal encyclopaedias [5 and 6]. What could be more natural than for the contemporary historian to modify his story so that it is better understood and retained in his present environment? He was never aware that his record would one day have to stand up in a court of law. Where the truth is not evident assumptions are made and when assumptions cannot be refuted they tend to assume the status of facts. A similar process operates with comparative mythology. Because a difference between the Deluge and the Flood was not clearly determined, it was assumed that the Deluge and the Flood were one and the same event. However, when the available evidence is taken into account, it can be seen that they were several thousand years apart and geological erosion cycles indicate the interval as being about 3,500 years.
_Notes and references
1. Thomas Burnet. 1691, The Sacred Theory of the Earth, Book II, Ch. VIII, p. 192. (Using a reprint published in 1965). See also Knowledge Computing's CD-Rom Catastrophism: Man, Myth and Mayhem in Ancient History and the Sciences'.
2. George Grinell, The Origins of Modern Geological Theory', Kronos, Volume I:4 , Winter 1976.
3. The term hollow within' would be a state similar to that of Moses' Tohem Rabbah, which would be an apt description of limestone caverns containing a vast store of water. A surviving form of this type would be the Nullarbor Plains of Southern Australia.
4. Fransisco Patricio. 1562. Cited by Thomas Burnet in The Sacred Theory of the Earth (1699 edition).
5. John Man. 2000. Alpha Beta, How Our Alphabet Shaped the Western World.
6. Eric Havelock. The Muse Learns to Write, New Haven, London 1986.

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New Zealand Maoris Myths [Journals] [SIS Internet Digest]
... From: SIS Internet Digest 2000:2 (Dec 2000) Home | Issue Contents New Zealand Maoris Myths Gordon Williams, Sat, 22 Jul 2000
_This is a short comment on "The Day the Sun Stood Still". One of the better known myths of the New Zealand Maoris, a branch of the Polynesian family tells this story. The Maoris were becoming increasingly dissatisfied by the short length of the days. Maui, the most powerful god decided to rectify this. With his brothers he paddled towards the sunrise and waited for the Sun to appear. When it did they cast the net wide to trap the Sun. The struggling of the Sun shook the earth but was eventually beaten into submission when it was ready to promise Maui that it would move more slowly through the heavens. The anger of the Mooris was appeased. About 90 deg of longitude to the east of New Zealand the Polynesians of Hawaii tell a similar story. They intended trapping the Sun for the same reason but because of their position they waited for the Sun to arrive. Each time it put a tentacle over the horizon the Hawaians securely tethered it. Eventually all tentacles were securely tethered and they were able to extract the same promise from the sun who was released to go on his way. Without knowing the background, or wanting to know, the background [of] these stories have been regarded as pure myth. The third story comes from the Greek mythology. It is told in the NLEM. p. 142. (N.B. Any discrepancy between this story may be taken [as] an illustration of how myths become changed.) In a rash moment Helios promised his son, Phaeton, that one day he would let him drive the sun chariot through the heavens. Almost immediately Helios realised what a foolish promise he had made. However, Phaeton was not going to be put off and pleaded with his father to allow him to take the reins. Helios finally relented because as a god he was obliged to honour his promise. The day when Phaeton was to take the reins and Helios, reluctant as he was, handed over control. Pheaton set off but it was soon apparent from the erratic course followed by the team that Phaeton was not in control. Eventually the escape was resolved when Zeus shot a thunderbolt at the sun chariot and it fell into the sea of Aridanus. The prime reason for this myth being consigned to the realm of fantasy is the movement of the chariot. The chariot is the sun and its position and orbit remains unchanged. But hold on a moment. How many of you have had a flight in a small plane as it performed even simple manoeuvres. Although your position is fixed relative to the aircraft, the horizon is moving each and every way. However, you are wise enough to realise that it is your viewing platform [that] is unstable. And so it is with the Helios/Phaethon myth, it is your platform Earth that is unstable. And so it was with the three stories told above. We realise that each is describing the same event, the efects of the tilting of the Earth at the time. (See "Our Tilted Earth", SIS Workshop, 1994/1) The tasks of Hercules accounted for some changes that took place, e.g. opening the Pillars of Gibraltar. Perhaps Jason rode with the flood through the Bosphorus as the Black Sea filled up. To understand a myth look for the base upon which it is founded. Many are global in extent. macrogeo@mail.manawatu.gen.nz E.J. (Ted) Bond, Wed, 26 Jul 2000 I forgot to add that this is perfectly compatible with Velikovsky's account of the day the sun stood still. TedB. ejb@post.queensu.ca

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Letters [Journals] [SIS Review]
... after a 6th century AD monk, St. Brynach, experienced visions there. He claimed to have spoken with the angels. There is also evidence of very early human activity at Carn Ingli, suggesting that it was venerated for thousands of years. The strange effects are caused by a fossilised geomagnetic field contained in the iron content of the peak. Strange light phenomena, even in the form of rainbows gleaming over the peak at night, have been recorded in fairly recent years. The author claims to have discovered similar magnetic anomalies in America, at holy sites of native Americans. Radioactivity is another feature common to holy places. Uranium deposits have been found at American and Australian Aborigine sites. It is claimed that even in France the distribution of megaliths corresponds very well with known uranium deposits. This would be especially pertinent where those same megalithic sites were found to be also located near or on fault lines. Even small tremors may have generated a radioactive response, or some kind of phenomenon associated with the gods. Radiation locked inside rocks has been found at Long Meg in Cumbria and Moel ty Uchef in Wales and in the Cornish dolmen of Chun Quoit. At the Rollright Stones in Oxfordshire there was little radiation in the stones, but monitoring revealed an area outside the site that gave high readings. It is not known why. The King's Chamber in the Great Pyramid is clad with granite brought from Aswan. It has high natural radioactivity. The author suggests that this was a purposeful element of the design. No doubt arguments could be made contrary to this position ... but what if he is right? What does it mean? A Belgian researcher, Pierre Mereaux, found magnetic anomalies around the Carnac Stone rows. John Michel, author of the 1960's bestseller, The View Over Atlantis, was the first person to suggest a direct link between standing stones and fault lines. Many years later, this novel idea was given scientific credibility during a study of stone circles. This found that many of those looked at were situated within a mile of a surface fault or tectonic intrusion. However, this does not apply to henge monuments and standing stones are too numerous to have been examined and catalogued in detail. Mereaux also noted the Carnac Stones were hemmed in by fault lines. What might any of this have to do with Wal Thornhill's Electrified Universe I wonder? It is worth noting that during catastrophic incidents, fault lines, uranium deposits and geomagnetic anomalies may have exhibited weird and wonderful aspects, incredible light phenomena that could have impressed the people of the time. This means they may not have the kind of astronomical origins we, and others, have been looking for. Mereaux has a pet theory too, a link with balls of gas or energy that he claims are released along fault lines during earth tremors, even very small ones. This can be seen as a possible explanation of the UFO lights that were very popular in the 1950's and 1960's, during the formative periods of Devereux and Michel as prolific authors. UFO's affected both of them but neither were into little green men from Mars. Michel is an extremely eloquent speaker and writes with broad brush strokes on a subject that has very often been seen as the fringe of science. However, as the years tick by, the fog seems to lift and Michel can be seen as innovative in many respects. It is known that many ancient sites were built on fault lines. Delphi in Greece, for example, the Althing in Iceland, the Serpent Mound in Ohio and Machu Picchu in the Andes. Light phenomena, or gas balls, are occasionally a feature of fault lines. During catastrophic incidents this must have increased considerably. Mountains on fault lines exhibit, even nowadays, great sheets of light, like blankets floating in the sky, gushing forth in many colours. It is, perhaps, simplistic just to think in terms of comets and meteoric firework displays. Catastrophic too. These factors seem to be wholly relevant to the late 5th and early 6th centuries AD. The folklore attached to St. Columba and several other early saints of the Celtic Church is explicable in terms of enhanced sun activity, increased electro-magnetism at the poles and auroral phenomena. Sacred sites may have earned a reputation due to light and other phenomena at particular moments in history. Holy wells are an example of the process, as their roots may lie in a sudden appearance of water out of the ground during tectonic disturbances. Christian holy wells seem to very often have origins in the 5th and 6th centuries AD. They were venerated for many generations after these signs of wonder and astonishment. Holy mountains are very often associated with light phenomena, or dragons – in the Americas, China, India, etc. Pendle Hill in Lancashire is a British example, having connections with witches and things that go bump in the night. It was also associated with visions and the beginnings of the Quaker movement and, in more recent years, with UFO's. This might add a further dimension to the Moses story and the Mountain of God. Could it have been a light phenomenon associated with tectonic activity in the bowels of the mountain that Moses experienced, possibly even an element of radiation? The alternative might be an electrical event of some kind [see Emmet Sweeney's Horeb: The Mountain of God' in this issue]. Comments by other readers would be interesting. I take on board the significance to be attached to the fact that Moses was thought to have actually encountered God. Might this have been his likeness, I wonder – an extremely bright light? Phillip Clapham, High Wycombe, Bucks. Dear Reader Re: Derek Allan's article in C&C Review 2004:1 (incorporating C&C Workshop 2004:2 ), I support the summation of the situation as he sees it with respect to the Ice Age. Personally, I do not believe there was an Ice Age. What is seen is evidence of the extent of the normal polar ice sheet at its greatest in the latter part of the Golden Age; when Earth rotated on the plane of the ecliptic and when the poles were in the North Atlantic and south of western South Australia. With the shift of the poles the ice became centred on the poles in their present position and the extent of the ice has been steadily reduced by the annual migration of the Sun from Cancer to Capricorn and back. In this annual variation of the Sun there is a much more efficient contributor to global warming than air pollution that has been working away since the Flood and Exodus 3,500 YPB. Gordon Williams, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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